Recently, International Diabetes Federation has released a position statement recommending 1h post-load glucose levels (1h-PG) determination to diagnose intermediate hyperglycaemia (IH) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) using the 1h-PG cut-off points of 155 mg/dl for IH and 209 mg/dl for T2D. However, it is still unsettled whether subjects with 1h-PG diagnosed IH and T2D have a compromised renal function. To address this issue, we studied 1202 white subjects having normal fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels. All participants underwent to a complete clinical characterization including a 75gr oral glucose tolerance test. Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was assessed using CKD-EPI formula. On the basis of 1h-PG levels subjects were classified as having normal 1h glucose tolerance (N1hGT), IH and T2D. We found that subjects with IH and T2D were more likely to be men, older and heavier as compared to the N1hGT group. After adjusting for age, sex and BMI, subjects with IH and T2D exhibited a worse metabolic profile as compared to those with N1hGT, showing increased levels of FPG, triglycerides, pro-inflammatory markers such as C reactive protein, white blood cells count, fibrinogen and lower values of HDL cholesterol and insulin sensitivity estimated by Matsuda index. Notably, we found a progressive decline of eGFR in subjects with IH and T2D as compared to N1hGT. The proportion of subjects having a reduced eGFR (<90 ml/min/1.73m2) was progressively higher amongst subjects having IH and T2D than N1hGT group (17 and 25% vs 8%, p<0.0001). In a logistic regression analysis adjusted for sex, BMI, lipid profile, and FPG, subjects with T2D showed a 3-fold increased risk of having reduced renal function as compared to those with N1GT (95% CI: 1.66-4.81, p=0.001). A 1.8-fold increased risk of impaired renal function was also found in subjects with IH as compared to the group with N1hGT (95CI: 1.21-2.86, p=0.004). These results demonstrate that the newly proposed 1h-PG cut-off points for IH (155-208 mg/dl) and T2D (≥209 mg/dl) identify individuals with impaired kidney function.