Neuropatia autonomica cardiovascolare nella pratica clinica: uno, nessuno o centomila test?

Cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy (CAN) is a major form of DAN (Diabetic Autonomic Neuropathy), strongly associated with increased risk of cardiovascular events and mortality. Early diagnosis is essential to improve patient outcomes and prevent cardiovascular complications. However, the limited availability of gold-standard cardiovascular autonomic reflex tests (CARTs) poses a challenge. For this reason, we conducted a literature review summarizing the current knowledge on CAN and the diagnostic or screening investigations mainly used in clinical practice or research settings.